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surrealist cinema
Surrealist cinema is a modernist approach to film theory, criticism, and production with origins in Paris in the 1920s. Related to Dada cinema, Surrealist cinema is characterised by juxtapositions, the rejection of dramatic psychology, and a frequent use of shocking imagery. The first Surrealist film was ''The Seashell and the Clergyman'' from 1928, directed by Germaine Dulac from a screenplay by Antonin Artaud. Other films include ''Un Chien Andalou'' and ''L'Age d'Or'' by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí; Buñuel went on to direct many more films, with varying degrees of Surrealist influence.
== Theory ==
In his 2006 book ''Surrealism and Cinema'', Michael Richardson argues that surrealist works cannot be defined by style or form, but rather as results of the practice of surrealism. Richardson writes: "Surrealists are not concerned with conjuring up some magic world that can be defined as 'surreal'. Their interest is almost exclusively in exploring the conjunctions, the points of contact, between different realms of existence. Surrealism is always about departures rather than arrivals."〔Richardson, Michael (2006). ''Surrealism and Cinema''. Oxford: Berg Publishers. p. 3.〕 Rather than a fixed aesthetic, Richardson defines surrealism as "a shifting point of magnetism around which the collective activity of the surrealists revolves."〔
Surrealism draws upon irrational imagery and the subconscious mind. Surrealists should not, however, be mistaken as whimsical or incapable of logical thought;〔 rather, most Surrealists promote themselves as revolutionaries.〔
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